Whats the difference between logical consequence (entailment) and simple implication?

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According to Wikipedia:

A logical consequence is the relationship between statements that holds true when one logically "follows from" one or more others.

So,

A ⊨ B

B is a logical consequence of A when in all cases of A being true, B is true as well.

However, to my understanding, that is also what implication means.

A → B

B should be true whenever A is true. Isn't that the same as entailment?

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1 Answer

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As said in the above comment, $A \to B$ is a formula in the language (e.g. propositional calculus) while $\varphi \vDash \psi$ is a relation between formulae, and thus it is an expression in the meta-language.

It is true that $A \vDash B$ iff $\vDash A \to B$, but still the difference is important.

We may have, e.g., a language with only $\lnot$ and $\lor$ conncetives; in it the definition of well-formed formula changes ($A \to B$ must be introduced as an abbreviation) while the definition of $\vDash$ does not.

In addition, the relation $\vDash$ holds also with a set $\Gamma$, possibly infinite, of formulae :

$\Gamma \vDash \varphi$,

while $\gamma \to \varphi$, being a formula, must be a finite string, and thus the antecedent $\gamma$ can be at most a finite conjunction.

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